4.1電流教學(xué)設(shè)計 一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1. 知識與技能：（1）通過與水流大小的類比了解電流大小的概念。（2）知道電流的單位及其換算關(guān)系，了解常見電流值。（3）認(rèn)識電流表，學(xué)會正確使用電流表測量電流值。（4）通過對電流表使用說明書的閱讀，提高自學(xué)能力。2.過程與方法：（1）用類比法學(xué)習(xí)電流的概念。（2）通過測量小燈泡燈絲中電流值，練習(xí)電流表的使用方法3.情感、態(tài)度與價值觀：（1）通過了解安培，樹立勤奮學(xué)習(xí)造福人類的遠(yuǎn)大理想。（2）在實(shí)驗中體會成功，培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)興趣。（3）學(xué)會團(tuán)隊協(xié)作，養(yǎng)成科學(xué)認(rèn)真的態(tài)度。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：1.重點(diǎn)：學(xué)會正確使用電流表。2.難點(diǎn)：學(xué)會正確使用電流表。三、教學(xué)器材：教師示教板兩套，電源（兩節(jié)干電池）、小燈泡、開關(guān)、電流表、導(dǎo)線。四、教學(xué)設(shè)計：播放廣州和上海的城市夜景，讓學(xué)生在領(lǐng)略城市夜景魅力的同時，感受偉大祖國發(fā)展的迅速；在對大城市心生向往的同時，也不要忘記其中的電流的功勞，引入本節(jié)新課，第四章 探究電流（板書）介紹本章主要學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，我們將在本章中學(xué)習(xí)和了解電學(xué)中的三個新朋友電流、電壓、和電阻。今天我們先從認(rèn)識電流開始。可能會有同學(xué)有疑問，電流已經(jīng)是上一單元我們學(xué)過的概念了，為什么老師還稱之為新朋友呢？那么近讓我們帶著這樣的疑問開始我們今天電流的學(xué)習(xí)吧。（1） 課前回顧回顧我們目前對電流相關(guān)問題的掌握情況1、電荷的 移動形成電流，物理學(xué)中規(guī)定、 方向為電流的方向。2、如下圖所示的干電池，其右端為 極（選填“正”、“負(fù)”）；其在電路中供電時能量轉(zhuǎn)化為 。3、在電源外部電流從電源 極出發(fā)，經(jīng)用電器流回 極（選填“正”、“負(fù)”）；（二）引入新課演示1：課件展示缺少電源電路圖，提問：閉合開關(guān)此電路中會有電流通過么？（沒有，因為沒有電源）在電路中加入電源，閉合開關(guān)電路中會有電流么？怎樣判斷電路中是否有電流?（電路中有電源，形成通路電路中就會有電流，可以通過小燈泡發(fā)光反應(yīng)電路中有電流）教師講解：有電流通過時，小燈泡不僅發(fā)光，用手觸摸小燈泡還很熱，小燈泡是先發(fā)熱才發(fā)光。為什么小燈泡會發(fā)熱呢？電流通過導(dǎo)體時會產(chǎn)生熱量，我們把這種現(xiàn)象叫做電流的熱效應(yīng)，根據(jù)電流的熱效應(yīng)，我們能判斷電流的存在。這里用到了轉(zhuǎn)換法。 演示實(shí)驗2：用一節(jié)干電池作電源，演示小燈泡發(fā)光實(shí)驗。用兩節(jié)干電池作電源，使同一支小燈泡發(fā)光。觀察并比較兩次實(shí)驗中小燈泡的亮度。發(fā)現(xiàn)第二次實(shí)驗中小燈泡更亮，可得出結(jié)論：燈泡亮度不同，說明通過燈絲的電流大小不同；同一支燈泡越亮，通過燈絲的電流越大。電流不僅有方向還有大小，提出問題：“那么我們?nèi)绾蚊枋鲭娏鞯拇笮∧兀俊币胄抡n。（三）新授課1.認(rèn)識電流（1）通過與水流類比形成電流大小的初步概念。觀察水流大小的課件，提問：通過觀察，你認(rèn)為哪個水管中水流大？（左管）為什么？（左管中流過的水量多）教師強(qiáng)調(diào)：比較水量的多少必須保證時間相等。總結(jié)水流大小的概念：用每秒鐘內(nèi)通過水管某一橫截面的水量的多少，表示水流的大小。觀察電流大小的課件，提問：每秒鐘內(nèi)通過哪一段導(dǎo)體橫截面的電荷更多一些？（上面的）請同學(xué)們猜測哪段導(dǎo)體中電流更大一些。（上面一段導(dǎo)體中電流更大一些）總結(jié)電流大小的概念：物理學(xué)中用每秒鐘通過導(dǎo)體某一橫截面的電荷的多少來表示電流的大小。電流的大小用字母I表示。（2）學(xué)習(xí)電流的單位及換算關(guān)系。學(xué)生通過閱讀課本，學(xué)習(xí)國際單位制電流的單位是安培，字母A。導(dǎo)學(xué)案展示安培簡歷，以及關(guān)于安培的勵志故事，鼓勵學(xué)生勤奮學(xué)習(xí)，樹立為全人類作貢獻(xiàn)的遠(yuǎn)大理想。（3）學(xué)習(xí)電流的常用單位及換算關(guān)系。（4） 多媒體展示常見電流值，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解常見用電器的電流值。2.電流表（1）觀察電流表用途：測電流大小 元件符號： 電路中有多個電流表時可以加角標(biāo)如A1；結(jié)合電流表的使用說明書及手邊的電流表指導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察電流表的主要結(jié)構(gòu)，量程、分度值及接線柱的接法。提問：1、 你通過那些信息可以知道手中的是一塊電流表？2、 觀察電流表接線柱的特點(diǎn)，如何合理使用它們？3、 觀察電流表接線柱及表盤上數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn)你能獲得那些信息？4、 電流表是帶有指針的測量工具使用前要注意哪些問題？學(xué)生觀察、閱讀后回答：電流表表盤上標(biāo)有字母A，表示它是一塊電流表,字母A還標(biāo)志了該電流表讀數(shù)時以A為單位；電流表有三個接線柱，兩個正接線柱，分別標(biāo)有0.6、3字樣，一個負(fù)接線柱；接入電路中時，必須接一個正接線柱，一個負(fù)接線柱；電流表的三個接線柱對應(yīng)著兩個量程：0-0.6A和0-3A，對應(yīng)的分度值分別是0.02A和0.1A；電流表觀察指針是否指向零刻度線，如有偏差需要用零點(diǎn)調(diào)節(jié)器調(diào)到零位。（2） 電流表的讀數(shù)觀察完電流表的量程和分度值后，我們就可以解決電流表一個比較常見的問題電流表的讀數(shù)，當(dāng)電流表指針穩(wěn)定的指向某一刻度時，我們就可以讀出所測量的電流值。課件展示電流表讀數(shù)畫面，學(xué)生嘗試讀數(shù)，并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)讀數(shù)的方法：1.先明確所選量程及對應(yīng)分度值；2.閉合開關(guān)待指針穩(wěn)定后在讀數(shù)；3.讀數(shù)時視線要正對刻度線。課件展示電流表選擇不同量程，指針指向同一刻度線時的畫面，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)規(guī)律：對比電流表的兩個量程、分度值及對應(yīng)的讀數(shù)不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，大量程的量程、分度值以及讀數(shù)都是小量程的5倍。課件上在出示幾個電流表的讀數(shù)練習(xí)，提升學(xué)生的讀數(shù)能力；并觀察右圖所示讀數(shù)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，電流表當(dāng)前指針偏轉(zhuǎn)角度較小，而且選擇了0-3A的量程，量程選擇不合適，測量誤差較大；師生共同總結(jié)得出電流表使用關(guān)于量程選擇的注意問題：1、測量前應(yīng)先估測待測電流的大小，選擇適當(dāng)量程的電流表；2、被測電流不能超出電流表的量程；3、如不能估計電流的大小，可以用較大的量程進(jìn)行快速試觸（3） 電流表的使用了解了使用前觀察的內(nèi)容，也明確了電流表的讀數(shù)相關(guān)問題，接下來，我們一起在探究一下如何將電流表接入電路的問題，電流表想測量通過用電器的電流電流表要被測電路串聯(lián)，而且電流表串聯(lián)接入電路后不能影響電路中電流的值，所以電流表對電流的阻礙作用應(yīng)很小，在分析電路連接時可以看作是導(dǎo)線。所以不允許不經(jīng)過用電器直接將電流表連接到電源的兩極上！否則電路中中電路過大會損壞電流表。電流表的三個接線柱對應(yīng)兩個量程，接入電路時應(yīng)接一個正接線柱一個負(fù)接線柱，怎樣接入電路，通過教師演示兩種接法得出正確的方式；使電流從從電流表的“+” 接線柱流入,從“-”接線柱流出，如果使電流從從電流表的“-” 接線柱流入,從“+”接線柱流出，電流表的指針就會反向偏轉(zhuǎn)，不僅測不出電流，電流表的指針還會打彎。總結(jié)電流表使用方法：“兩要 兩不 兩看清”兩 要：電流表要串聯(lián)在待測的那部分電路中電流要從“+”接線柱流入,從 “-”接線柱流出；兩 不：不能超過電流表的量程；不允許把電流表直接連到電源兩極上；兩看清：看清所用的量程；看清分度值；學(xué)生小組討論總結(jié)電流表的使用方法，并完成導(dǎo)學(xué)案的表格：（四）課堂小結(jié)：由學(xué)生總結(jié)，教師補(bǔ)充。（五）鞏固練習(xí)及課后作業(yè) 板書設(shè)計：4.1電流一、認(rèn)識電流二、測量電流 organization system and working mode, the selection of a number of municipal strengthening group to build innovation and strengthen the organization of the basic level organizations advanced model.(seven) the manual work of the Communist Youth League Organization published and League branch of manual work, to promote the use of two manuals in the citys organizations at various levels. The county committee, directly under the group (work) is under the jurisdiction of grassroots League and group (total) using branch ratio shall not be less than 70%.Three, to further strengthen the groups leadership and team building(a) to strengthen the leagues leadership at all levels of construction. Continue to do a good job of municipal Party Committee Organization Department on the strengthening of the Communist Youth League cadres management opinions implementation. To promote the group counties (autonomous counties, cities) Commission and city directly under the group (workers) appointed to carry out the Five team building activities. Improve the League Association Department working mechanism. Conscientiously fulfill the duties of CO, combined with the city group directly under (the) Committee of the general election and the adjustment, actively jointly with the unit where the party organization department good group leadership selection with the work. Do a good job in municipal Party committee assistant committee leadership and leading cadres of the annual assessment work, adhere to and improve the assistant secretary of the Communist Youth League talk system group To weave individual conversation and collective conversation, to strengthen the committees of all levels, the Standing Committee of the Standing Committee, the establishment of a sound system of central group learning, the system of investigation and study, the system of important issues and the reporting system.(two) to strengthen the work of education and training of cadres to conscientiously implement the Central Committee. On the implementation of grassroots cadres training project and opinions on carrying out the mission municipal CYL Cadres training project implementation opinions, full implementation of the project of the City Youth League cadres training education. Focus on the county grassroots cadres and workers focused on training, the new school system vocational training League cadres, for the Municipal Organization Department jointly held the third session of the Communist Youth League system training cadres in party. Focusing on the construction of new socialist countryside, strengthening village cadres and rural construction team group member of the young team, the county organizations at various levels throughout the year is expected to train 100 00 rural grassroots cadres, plans to train 1000 village secretary of the village Party branch.(three) actively promote grassroots cadres election work. Under the unified leadership of the party organization, to strengthen grassroots organizations direct work, standardize the election work rules and procedures, in the designated candidate, open competition to democratically elected branch secretary at the same time, actively and steadily the development of Township, streets and other grassroots organizations in the direct election of the pilot work, on the basis of summarizing the experience and gradually expand the scope of the pilot, and gradually formed a set of measures and cadres election system.(four) to strengthen the cadres testing exercise. To study the development of XX city from 2006 to 2008 cadres testing exercise planning. To select outstanding cadres to the central mission in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other central organs and sending work in developed areas. With the Central Committee the implementation of the western region and ethnic minorities cadres training plan . To carry out the eighth batch of municipal organs attachment cadre management, selection, training work. The outstanding cadres to start the National Development Bank XX branch testing exercise.(five) to strengthen the group construction. The main position to play the role of Youth League cadre education and training as the city, in accordance with the requirements of post training, further curriculum scientifically and rationally, adopt arrangement menu course, basic theory includes group work, focus, hot and difficult issues, to enhance the content and practice; to strengthen the construction of teaching staff, the integration of teachers, establish a quality teacher training team, establish and implement course evaluation system; take delivery of training to the countryside, on-site training, and increase the rural grassroots cadres training efforts.Four, efforts to strengthen the work of young talent(a) to tenth XX young 54 medal in recognition of the publicity, and actively explore the XX youth service. 54 Medal of institutionalization, standardization and socialization mechanism. Give full play to the XX award in recognition of 54 youth medal Association, Youth Award winner in the 54 chapter, investigation activities. Who won the Youth Service medal, dedication to the society to create conditions, build the stage. During the 54, named in recognition of the tenth XX young 54 medal. The association of XX editing of young talent , the exchange of information and communication platform for the XX of outstanding young talents.(two) the establishment of municipal Party committee of young talent information database. In accordance with the feasible, effective, classification management, implement step by step principle, the establishment of municipal Party committee of youth talent database; guiding organizations at various levels generally established the young talent database, construction of city, county (directly under the Communist Youth League), grassroots organizations three young talent information database the relevant information collection system, and gradually establish the citys young people, the Communist Youth League youth talent information network, provide information platform for young talent resource development.Five, take effective measures to strengthen the mission management(a) to strengthen the mission management work. Strengthen the dues collection and management, continue to adhere to the dues collection regularly reporting system, the annual comprehensive award in recognition of the tour and the tour one vote veto system audit system. Do statistical work in the group. The group service award in recognition of the advanced units, standardization, promoting group management work institutionalized.(two) to strengthen the organization of research and information exchange efforts. Grassroots carry out research, efforts to form a number of theoretical results. Make full use of the network carrier, to explore the establishment of electronic group service system, promote the work of Communist Youth League information.Attachment 4:XX municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department of the Communist Youth League work pointsIn 2006, the Communist Youth League propaganda ideological work XX to Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of Three Represents as guidance, study and implement the partys sixteen and the spirit of the the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee implementation of the eight plenary session of the two committee, the citys cultural work conference, the Propaganda Department of the meeting and the the fourth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee permanent mission spirit, closely around 11th Five-Year XX the goal of full implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, keep pace with the times, close to reality, close to life, close to the young, persevere grasp orientation, grasping deepening, grasping construction innovation, further improve the groups propaganda and ideological work ability, unity To guide the majority of members of the youth to achieve the 11th Five-Year planning tasks, the overall construction of a well-off society, building a socialist harmonious society to make new contributions.One, adhere to the Three Represents important thought and Scientific Outlook on Development education to guide the youth, to further strengthen the ideological and political education of youth(a) armed with youth science theory. Unremittingly with Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of Three Represents armed members of youth education, to promote the study and implement to expand the depth and breadth. To study and implement the important thought of Three Represents with the establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development combine with the implementation of the requirements of constructing socialist harmonious society with Scientific Outlook on Development, carry out education as an important part of the theory of armed youth in the new period, strengthen the establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development education, educate and guide the youth to fully understand the great significance of establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, in-depth understanding of the Scientific Outlook on Development era back The king, the practice foundation, basic connotation, historical status, spirit and practice requirements, a profound understanding of Scientific Outlook on Development with Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, inheriting and developing relationship between Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of Three Represents, to help young people establish and consciously practice Scientific Outlook on Development. Persist in learning, grasping the backbone, grasp the practice, grasp the opportunity. Catch club, effective way to grasp the network, with the group of cadres, young students and young backbone fronts as the focus, to promote the work of the armed youth theory to develop in depth, to help the youth continue to firm ideals and beliefs, to build a powerful spiritual pillar. To carry out the study and implementation of the partys sixteen session of the five Eight plenary session of the two plenary session of the Central Committee and the party spirit, to the citys Youth League members thinking into the spirit of the meeting, to achieve the goal of national consciousness and XX economic and social development in 11th Five-Year period. Contribute to help and guide the youth to a profound understanding of the significance and main task of building a socialist harmonious society, actively join the construction of socialist harmonious society.(two) to strengthen the ideological and moral construction of teenagers. Thoroughly implement the central spirit of the document No. 8, No. 16 and the program for Improving Civic Morality to minors and students as focus groups, to strengthen and improve the ideological and moral construction of minors and the ideological and political education of college students. Make full use of the spirit and the spirit of the Three Gorges migrants Hongyan XX unique the use of educational resources, school, into the team, the league, to join the party, adult occasions, extensive Hongyan spirit generation theme education activities. Use of holidays and leisure time, youth org