Unit 1 How can we become good learners?學習目標 認知目標： 1. Talk about how to study. 學會討論各種學習方法和策略。 2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出適合自己的學習方法。 情感目標： 通過對學習方法的學習，培養學生用正確而科學的方法做事的能力，明白“一份耕耘，一份收獲”。 技能目標： （1）熟練掌握下列詞匯： aloud pronunciation discover repeat note pronounce increase speed partner create active connect review knowledge wisely born attention （2）熟練掌握下列短語： work with friends ask the teacher for helpread aloud look up practice pronunciation connectwith pay attention to （3）掌握下列句型： How do you study English? I learn by working with a group. Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation. How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups. How can I improve my pronunciation? One way is by listening to tapes.But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. 重點、難點（Key points and difficulties） 1. 學會運用how來詢問做事方式 2. 學會運用by + doing的結構表達做事方式。by 介詞，表示“通過方法或途徑”，譯成“靠、通過”。by后面可以加名詞或動名詞短語。 3. 動名詞的構成： 動詞后加動名詞doing，相當于名詞，在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。課時劃分Period 1 Section A 1 (1a-2d)Period 2 Section A 2 (3a-3b)Period 3 Section A 3 (Grammar Focus4c)Period 4 Section B 1 (1a-2e)Period 5 Section B 2 (3a-selfcheck)Section A 1 (1a-2d)Step 1 Warming up T: How do you study English? Do you study English by the following ways? (Show some pictures and present the important phrases.) T: How do you study English?S: I study English by ______. by working with friends.by making word cards.Step 2 1a Check the ways you study English. Then add other ways you sometimes study.___ a. by working with friends.Step 3 Listening 1) Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write letters from 1a above.2) Check the answers: b (Meiping); e (Peter); d (Tony)Step 4 GuessShow some pictures. Guess: How does he/she study English? He/She studies English by How do they study English? They study English byStep 5 Pairwork 1c Make conversations about how you study for a test. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study by working with a group. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study byStep 6 Listening 2a Listen and check the questions you hear.1 ____ Does anyone learn English by watching videos?2 ____ Do you have conversations with friends in English?3 ____ What about listening to tapes?4 ____ What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?5 ____ Have you ever studied with a group? Answers: 1, 2, 4, 52b Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above. a. Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.b. Oh, yes. It really improves my speaking skills.c. I do that sometimes. I think it helps.d. No. Its too hard to understand spoken English. Answers: d, b, c, aStep 7 Pairwork1. 2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b A: Have you ever studied with a group? B: Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way. Show some pictures.1) A: Do you learn English by watching movies? B: Yes, its a very interesting way. C: No, its too hard to understand spoken English. 2) A: What about writing letters to a pen pal in America? B: Yes, it helps to improve my writing skills and know a lot about America. 3) A: Do you have conversations with friends in English? B: Of course, we can talk about plenty of things like school, pets, movies, and our parents. 2. 2c Role-play the conversation.Step 8 Summary How do you study English? 1. by working with friends 2. by watching English movies. 3. by making word cards. 4. by reading the textbook.5. by listening to tapes. 6. by asking the teacher for help. 7. by reading aloud. 【結論】1) by可表示位置，(1) “__________”，如句1。也有“從旁邊（經過）”之意。2) by可表示交通、傳遞等的方式，如句2。3) by可表示時間，“到（某時）之前；不遲于”，如句3。4) by可用于構成(2) ________，“被，由”，如句4。5) by可表示方式或手段，(3) “____________”結構在句中作方式狀語，“通過方式（方法）”或“借助手段”，如句5。 Answers: (1) 在旁邊 (2) 被動語態 (3) by + V-ing形式 【運用】根據提示，用含有by的短語完成各句。1) Annie went to Beijing _______ (乘火車) yesterday.2) His grandfather made a living _________ (靠賣水果) in the past. 3) The scientists have to arrive at the village _________ (八月以前).4) Allen goes _______________ (經過郵局) on his way to school every morning.5) The book was written ____________ (由幾個工程師). Answers: 1) by train 2) by selling fruits 3) by August 4) by the post office 5) by several engineers 2. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? 大聲朗讀來練習發音怎么樣？辨析aloud, loud和loudlyaloud出聲地；大聲地。常與read/ call等詞連用, 不用于比較級。 e.g. Dont read aloud in the library. 不要在圖書館大聲朗讀。 loud 大聲地；喧鬧地。指說話聲和笑聲，常與talk/ speak/ laugh/ sing等詞連用, 常用比較級。 e.g. We cant hear you. Please speak louder. 我們聽不到你的聲音。請再大聲點。loudly 高聲地；喧鬧地。可以和loud互換，含有“吵鬧”的意思，不悅耳。 What about/ How about? 后跟名詞，代詞或v.-ing。用于征求意見。 e.g. What about a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么樣？ How about you? 你呢？ What /How about going to the zoo this afternoon? 今天下午去動物園怎么樣？ 3. Its too hard to understand spoken English. 句中的it是形式主語, 不定式短語to understand spoken English是真正的主語。該句句型為: Its+too+adj.+ (for sb.)+to do sth. 意思是“(對某人來說)做某事是的”。如： Its too important to keep healthy. Its difficult for him to learn two languages.【鏈接】 too . to . 結構常表示“太而不能”, too后面接形容詞或副詞, to后面接動詞原形。如： The room is too dirty to live in. He walks too slowly to get there on time.【運用】 將下面的句子翻譯成英語。 1) 孩子們在那條河里游泳是危險的。 Its dangerous for the children to swim in that river.2) 晚飯后散步太有必要了。 Its too necessary to take a walk after supper. 3) 水太燙, 不能喝。 The water is too hot to drink.Step 10 Exercises . Choose the best answer.1. He goes to school ____ bike. A. by B. on C. in D. at 2. How do you study English so well? By ____ lots of books. A. read B. look C. watching D. reading Answers: A, D . Complete the following sentences.1. 大聲朗讀來練習發音怎么樣？ What about ____________ to practice pronunciation? 2. 她通過讀課本來學習英語。 She studies English __________ the textbook.3. She improves her English _______________ (通過加入英語俱樂部). Answers: 1. reading aloud 2. by reading 3. by joining an English club . Translation.1. 老師要求我大聲朗讀課文。 2. 不要這么大聲。嬰兒在睡覺。 3. 我爸爸經常開車去上班。 Answers: 1. The teacher asked me to read aloud the text. 2. Dont talk so loudly. The baby is sleeping. 3. My father often goes to work by car.Step 11 HomeworkHow do you study English? What about physics and Chinese?Make a list.Section A 2 (3a-3b)Step 1 Revision Give the students some pictures, then let them talk about: How do you study English? I study by ______________.Step 2 Reading 1. Warming up Look at the picture on page 3, then let the students talk about:The girl is Wei Fen. What is she doing? Can you guess how she studies English ? 2. ReadingFinish 3a: Read the passage about Wei Fen and answer the questions.1) Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?2) What did she do in English class?3) What is the secret to language learning?secret n. 秘密; 秘訣 adj. 秘密的; 保密的Answers:1) The teacher spoke too quickly and Weifen did not understand her most of the time, but she was afraid to ask questions of her poor pronunciation.2) She hid behind her textbook and never said anything.3) For Wei Fen, the secret to language learning is listening to something interesting. Finish 3b: Complete the sentences with what Wei Fen learned from watching movies. Use words and phrases from the passage. 1) I can understand the meaning by watching their ______________ and the __________ on their faces.2) I can get the meaning by listening for just the _________.3) My pronunciation improved by listening to the _____________ in English movies.4) I learned ______ sentences like “Its a piece of cake” by watching the movies.5) I can find the meaning of the new words by looking them up in a _______.Answers: body language expressions key words conversations useful dictionaryexpression n. 表情; 表示; 表達方式Step 3 Language points 1. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English? find it difficult/hard to do sth. 發現做某事很困難 【find用法歸納】 find sb. doing sth. 發現某人做某事 find it + adj. + to do sth. 發現做某事很find it + adj. to do sth.中的it是形式賓語, adj.做賓補, to do sth.是真正的賓語。同類的動詞還有think, feel, consider等。 【活學活用】1) I found it __________ (interest) to talk with my grandfather2) I found it hard for me ___________ (improve) spoken English.Answers: interesting, to improve 2. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事 【afraid用法歸納】 be afraid of sth./doing sth. 害怕做某事(擔心出現某種不良后果) be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事(“怕” 或“不敢”去做某事) be afraid +that 恐怕(禮貌地說出令人不快、失望或感到遺憾的事) 【活學活用】 Tina is so shy that she is afraid of ____ in front of a group. A. to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoke Answer: C3. Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. called=named 叫做 【call用法歸納】 call sb.=telephone sb. =phone sb. =give sb. a call =ring sb. up 給某人打電話 call on sb. 拜訪某人 4. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. discover v. 發現; 發覺 指偶然或經過努力發現原來客觀存在但不為人所知的事物。 e.g. Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥倫布于1492年發現了美洲。 5. I also learned useful sentences like “Its a piece of cake” or “It serves you right.” a piece of cake和serves sb. right是英語中的兩個習慣用語, 也可稱作習語idiom(s)。同漢語中的成語類似, 習語是人們在長期的語言運用中約定俗成的一種固定表達方式, 其意思往往不是字面所表達的含義。如: a piece of cake表示事情非常簡單、易于解決, 相當于漢語的“小菜一碟; 小事一樁”; serves sb. right則相當于漢語說某人“活該”。6. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary. look up (在詞典、參考書中或通過電腦)查閱; 抬頭看 【look用法歸納】 look after 照顧 look like 看起來像 look out 當心, 小心 look through 瀏覽 look for 尋找 look forward to 期待 look around 向四周看 have/take a look 看一看 look over 檢查 Step 4 Summary 發現做某事很難 find it difficult to do sth.語言學習的秘密 the secret to language learning害怕做某事 be afraid to do sth.愛上 fall in love with肢體語言 body language臉上的表情 the expressions on the faces關健詞 key words對感興趣 be interested in 語言學習的秘密 look up the word in the dictionaryStep 5 Homework 1. Recite the important sentences in the passage on page 3.2. Remember the words and phrases in this lesson.Section A3 (Grammar Focus4c)Step 1 Free talkTalk about the ways you learn other subjects. You can use the following phrases and sentences.How do you learn Chinese/ math /physics/chemistry?Do you learn history and geography by___________?Step 2 4aAnswer the questions. Then match the questions and answers.1. How do you practice speaking?2. How do you learn new words?3. How do you improve your writing?4. How do you practice listening?5. How do you improve your pronunciation?6. How do you learn grammar?a. By watching English programs.b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud.c. By having conversations with friends.d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.e. By making word cards.f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.Step 3 4bComplete these statements. Use information that is true for you.match physics chemistry Chinese history geographye.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes / reading books and newspapers / speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.a. I usually practice my math by______.b. I usually practice my physics by_______. c. I usually practice my chemistry by____.d. I usually practice my Chinese by _____.e. I usually practice my history and geography by ________.Step 4 4cCheck what you do to learn English . Then interview your partner.A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?B: Yes, I do.A: How often do you do them?B:I learn English byMy partner learnsEnglish byyesnohow oftenyesnohow oftendoing grammar exercises.taking notes in English.reading English magazines.keeping a diary in English. using an English dictionary.Step 5 Grammar How do you learn English? I learn by studying with a group.Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, 1 do. It helps my pronunciation.How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups.How can I improve my pronunciation? One way is by listening to tapes.動名詞定義: 它是一種兼有動詞和名詞特征的非謂語動詞形式。基本形式: V-ing作用: 動名詞具有名詞的性質，在句中可以做主語、表語、賓語、定語等。動名詞的基本用法1. 用作主語所表動作比較抽象，或者泛指習慣性的動作。e.g. Playing with fire is dangerous.注意：動名詞做主語，有時先用it作形式主語，把動名詞置于句末。這種用法在習慣句型中常用。 1) It is no use/ good / useless + doing2) It is a waste of time + doing 3) It is fun + doing 在以上結構中常用動名詞作主語。e.g. Its no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水難收） There is no joking about the matter.It is fun playing with children. 和孩子們一起玩真好。 2. 用作賓語1) 作動詞的賓語 常見的此類動詞有：practise, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, depend on, think about, succeed in, worry about, be used to, get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。e.g. How do you practice speaking? I have to finish reading a book and give a report.2) 作介詞的賓語 1. I learn English by doing grammar exercises.2. Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 3. He was late again because of getting up late.4. Lock the doors and windows before going out. 5. What/How about the two of us playing games？活學活用1. She cant help ________ (cry) after _________ (hear) the bad news.2. Do you feel like _______ (have) a break?3) 既可接動名詞又可接不定式的常用動詞有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表達的意義不同。e.g. I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我記得在賓館見過她。(動作發生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我記著要去賓館見她。(動作尚未發生)remember/forget/ regret to do 動作尚未發生 doing動作已經發生try to do 設法、努力去做，盡力doing 試試去做（看有何結果）mean to do 打算做（主語一般是人）doing意味著（主語一般是物）regret to do 對將要做的事抱歉doing 對已經發生的事感到后悔stop to do停下去做另外一件事doing停止做手頭的事情3. 作表語 動名詞作表語時句子主語常是表示無生命的事物的名詞或what引導的名詞性從句。表語動名詞與主語通常是對等